As well as being Emperor of the French (and note, incidentally, that Napoleon's title was not Emperor of France') it is often forgotten, or simply overlooked, that Napoleon was also King of Italy a state that essentially comprised all Italy north of the Kingdom of Naples. The Kingdom of Italy was a (...)
This book describes and analyses the Manchu, or Qing, army in all its aspects. The emphasis lies on the Qing army in the seventeenth and early eighteenth century, because this is the time when the Manchu military system developed its own characteristics and reached maturity. Furthermore, having (...)
In November 1500, Ferdinand of Spain and Louis XII of France signed the secret Treaty of Granada. This agreement enabled Spain and France to easily conquer and divide the Kingdom of Naples in the years 1501 and 1502. The treaty divided Naples between the two nations, however disputes arose over the (...)
In December 1979 the USSR's 40th Army crossed the border into Afghanistan. Special forces troops the infamous GRU Spetsnaz and KGB agents had already entered the country and in a fierce gun battle assassinated Afghanistan's President Hafizullah Amin in Tajbeg Palace so that he could be replaced by (...)
On 24 February 2022, the Russian Federation launched an all-out invasion of Ukraine. Coming after years of tensions following Russia's 2014 annexation of Crimea and thinly veiled direct armed support for separatists fighting in Donbass and Luhansk in eastern Ukraine, observers gave Ukraine's (...)
A frequent visitor to Spain and Portugal who has specialized in the history of the Peninsular War for his entire career, Charles Esdaile has visited most of the battlefields and other sites associated with that conflict. In this work, he places his unrivalled knowledge of the subject at the (...)
Explores the J-20 stealth fighter's development, technologies, and global impact, highlighting China's rise as a major player in combat aviation.The J-20 fifth generation stealth fighter program has epitomised China's rise from a laggard in combat aviation into a potential world leader. J-20 Mighty (...)
Examines the early Cold War development of the USAF's jet fighters and fighter-bombers, detailing political, industrial, and technological challenges and innovations.In the immediate aftermath of the Second World War, the air forces of the United States faced unprecedented challenges. (...)